> x=c(10,20,30,40,50,60,70,80) > z=(x-38.8)/22.3 > z [1] -1.29147982 -0.84304933 -0.39461883 0.05381166 0.50224215 0.95067265 [7] 1.39910314 1.84753363 > Fz=pnorm(z) > Fz [1] 0.09826867 0.19960043 0.34656211 0.52145739 0.69225140 0.82911471 [7] 0.91910897 0.96766508 > a [1] 0.1996004 0.3465621 0.5214574 0.6922514 0.8291147 0.9191090 0.9676651 [8] 1.0000000 > a-Fz [1] 0.10133175 0.14696168 0.17489528 0.17079401 0.13686331 0.08999426 [7] 0.04855611 0.03233492 > E=c(88*Fz[1],88*(a-Fz)) > E [1] 8.647643 8.917194 12.932628 15.390785 15.029873 12.043971 7.919495 [8] 4.272938 2.845473 > e=c(E[1:7],E[8]+E[9]) > e [1] 8.647643 8.917194 12.932628 15.390785 15.029873 12.043971 7.919495 [8] 7.118410 > o=c(4, 8, 20,19,12,7,9,9) > xx=sum((o-e)^2/e) > xx [1] 10.66869 > df=length(e)-1-2 > df [1] 5 > qchisq(.95,5) [1] 11.0705 > qchisq(.9,5) [1] 9.236357 > qchisq(.95,df) [1] 11.0705 > qchisq(.9,df) [1] 9.236357